Slightly predating the Magna Charter in England, an idea of limiting the royal power and creating a parliamentary-type body of government was conceived among the aristocrats and citizens in the 12th century Kingdom of Georgia, during the reign of Queen Tamar – the first Georgian female monarch. In the view of the oppositionists and their leader, Qutlu Arslan (a Georgian Simon de Montfort), the first Georgian Parliament was to be formed of two "Chambers": a) Darbazi – or assembly of aristocrats and influential citizens who would meet from time to time to take decisions on the processes occurring in the country, the implementation of these decisions devolving on the monarch b) Karavi – a body in permanent session between the meetings of the Darbazi. The confrontation ended in the victory of the supporters of unlimited royal power. Qutlu Arslan was arrested on the Queen’s order.

Subsequently, it was only in 1906 that the Georgians were afforded the opportunity of sending their representatives to a Parliamentary body of Government, to the Second State Duma (from 1801 Georgia had been incorporated in the Russian Empire).
Georgian deputies of the Duma were: Noe Zhordania (later the President of independent Georgia in 1918-21), Ilia Chavchavadze (founder of the Georgian National Movement), Irakli Tsereteli (leader of the Social-Democratic Faction in the Second Duma, later Minister of Internal Affairs of Russia’s Provisional Government), Karlo Chkheidze (leader of the Menshevik Faction in the Fourth State Duma, Chairman of the first convocation of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies in 1917, and Chairman of the Trans-Caucasian Seym in 1918), and others.

In 1918 the first "Georgian National Parliament" was founded in the already independent Georgia. In 1921 the Parliament adopted the first Georgian Constitution.

Shortly after the adoption of the Constitution Georgia was occupied by the Communist troops of Russia.

This was followed by a gap of 69 years in the Parliamentary Government in Georgian history. The first multiparty Elections in the Soviet Union were held in Georgia on 28 October 1990. The elected Supreme Soviet (the name of the simulated and pseudo-Parliament in the former Soviet Union) proclaimed the independence of Georgia).

On 26 May 1991 Georgia’s population elected the Chairman of the Supreme Council Zviad Gamsakhurdia as President of the country.

The tension between the ruling and opposition Parties gradually intensified, which in 1991-92 developed into an armed conflict. The President left the country, the Supreme Soviet ceased to function and power was taken over by the Military Council.

In 1992 Eduard Shevardnadze (Minister of Foreign Affairs of the former Soviet Union) returned to Georgia, assuming Chairmanship of the Military Council which was reconstituted into a State Council. The State Council restored Georgia’s Constitution of 1921. The Council announced 4 August 1992 the day of Parliamentary Elections.

In 1995 the newly elected Parliament adopted a new Constitution. Georgia is a Presidential country with a unicameral Parliament.

The Georgian Parliament is the country’s Supreme representative body which effects legislative authority, determines the main directions of the country’s home and foreign policy, controls the activity of the Government within limits defined by the Constitution and exercises other rights.